错误处理-其他特性 | GoFrame官网 - 类似PHP-Laravel,Java-SpringBoot的Go企业级开发框架

版本：2.8.x(Latest)

`NewWithOption` 自定义的错误创建

说明：用于自定义配置的错误对象创建。

格式：

// NewWithOption creates and returns a custom error with Option.
// It is the senior usage for creating error, which is often used internally in framework.
NewWithOption(option Option) error

示例：

func ExampleNewWithOption() {
     err := gerror.NewWithOption(gerror.Option{
          Text: "this feature is disabled in this storage",
          Code: gcode.CodeNotSupported,
     })
}

其中，Option的定义如下：

// Option is option for creating error.
type Option struct {
     Error error      // Wrapped error if any.
     Stack bool       // Whether recording stack information into error.
     Text  string     // Error text, which is created by New* functions.
     Code  gcode.Code // Error code if necessary.
}

`fmt` 格式化

通过前面示例我们可以看到，通过 %+v 的打印格式可以打印出完整的堆栈信息，当然 gerror.Error 对象支持多种fmt格式：

格式符	输出内容
`%v`, `%s`	打印所有的层级错误信息，构成完成的字符串返回，多个层级使用 `:` 拼接。
`%-v`, `%-s`	打印当前层级的错误信息，返回字符串。
`%+s`	打印完整的堆栈信息列表。
`%+v`	打印所有的层级错误信息字符串，以及完整的堆栈信息，等同于 `%s\n%+s`。

使用示例：

package main

import (
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/v2/errors/gerror"
)

func main() {
    var err error
    err = errors.New("sql error")
    err = gerror.Wrap(err, "adding failed")
    err = gerror.Wrap(err, "api calling failed")
    fmt.Printf(" %%s: %s\n", err)
    fmt.Printf("%%-s: %-s\n", err)
    fmt.Println("%+s: ")
    fmt.Printf("%+s\n", err)
}

执行后，输出示例：

 %s: api calling failed: adding failed: sql error
%-s: api calling failed
%+s:
1. api calling failed
    1).  main.main
        /Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/other/test.go:14
2. adding failed
    1).  main.main
        /Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/other/test.go:13
3. sql error

日志组件支持

glog 日志组件天然支持对 gerror 错误堆栈打印支持，这种支持不是强耦合性的，而是通过 fmt 格式化打印接口支持的。

使用示例：

package main

import (
    "errors"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/v2/frame/g"
    "github.com/gogf/gf/v2/errors/gerror"
)

func main() {
    var err error
    err = errors.New("sql error")
    err = gerror.Wrap(err, "adding failed")
    err = gerror.Wrap(err, "api calling failed")
    g.Log().Printf("%+v", err)
}

执行后，输出示例：

2020-10-17 15:22:26.793 api calling failed: adding failed: sql error
1. api calling failed
    1).  main.main
        /Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/other/test.go:14
2. adding failed
    1).  main.main
        /Users/john/Workspace/Go/GOPATH/src/github.com/gogf/gf/.example/other/test.go:13
3. sql error

堆栈打印模式

该特性从框架 v2.6.0 版本开始提供。

错误组件在打印堆栈信息时，支持使用者通过环境变量( GF_GERROR_STACK_MODE)或者命令行启动参数( gf.gerror.stack.mode)指定堆栈打印信息模式：

堆栈模式	是否默认	说明
`brief`	是	简略模式。错误堆栈打印时，不会打印框架相关的堆栈。
`detail`		详情模式。错误堆栈打印时，会打印完整的框架组件代码调用链路。

在详情模式( detail)下，将会打印错误对象中完整的框架堆栈信息。 比如，在以下错误堆栈示例中，可以看到，大部分框架堆栈信息对于错误定位来说，其实是没有太大意义的，作为开发者，更多关心的自身代码层面的堆栈信息。

2022-10-08 21:07:00.751 [ERRO] {328d1204e2191c179a09086890c857b8} request done, cost: 3 ms, code: -1, message: "", detail: <nil>, error: GetParams failed: {ResourceId:tdxxxx-a2c378bd Component: Version:0}: rpc error: code = NotFound desc = cluster.khaos.tencent.com "tdxxxx-a2c378bd" not found
1. GetParams failed: {ResourceId:tdxxxx-a2c378bd Component: Version:0}
   1).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params.(*sParams).doGetParamsJson
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params/params.go:66
   2).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params.(*sParams).GetParams
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params/params.go:36
   3).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/controller.(*cParams).GetOne
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/controller/params.go:21
   4).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).callHandlerFunc.func1
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:152
   5).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.niceCallFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_func.go:55
   6).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).callHandlerFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:129
   7).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:75
   8).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/gutil.TryCatch
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/util/gutil/gutil.go:56
   9).  github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:49
   10). github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/middleware.(*sMiddleware).CheckLimit
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/middleware/middleware.go:27
   11). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1.5
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:96
   12). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.niceCallFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_func.go:55
   13). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:95
   14). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/gutil.TryCatch
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/util/gutil/gutil.go:56
   15). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:49
   16). github.com/khaos/eros/utility/server.MiddlewareCommonResponse
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/utility/server/server_common.go:14
   17). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1.5
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:96
   18). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.niceCallFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_func.go:55
   19). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:95
   20). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/gutil.TryCatch
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/util/gutil/gutil.go:56
   21). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:49
   22). github.com/khaos/eros/utility/server.MiddlewareLogging
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/utility/server/server.go:46
   23). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1.5
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:96
   24). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.niceCallFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_func.go:55
   25). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:95
   26). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/util/gutil.TryCatch
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/util/gutil/gutil.go:56
   27). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:49
   28). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.MiddlewareCORS
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_middleware_cors.go:12
   29). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.(*middleware).Next.func1.5
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_request_middleware.go:96
   30). github.com/gogf/gf/v2/net/ghttp.niceCallFunc
        /root/go/pkg/mod/github.com/gogf/gf/v2@v2.1.4/net/ghttp/ghttp_func.go:55
2. rpc error: code = NotFound desc = cluster.khaos.tencent.com "tdxxxx-a2c378bd" not found

而在简略模式( brief)下，堆栈信息中将不会打印框架的堆栈信息。例如：

2022-10-08 21:07:00.751 [ERRO] {328d1204e2191c179a09086890c857b8} request done, cost: 3 ms, code: -1, message: "", detail: <nil>, error: GetParams failed: {ResourceId:tdxxxx-a2c378bd Component: Version:0}: rpc error: code = NotFound desc = cluster.khaos.tencent.com "tdxxxx-a2c378bd" not found
1. GetParams failed: {ResourceId:tdxxxx-a2c378bd Component: Version:0}
   1).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params.(*sParams).doGetParamsJson
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params/params.go:66
   2).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params.(*sParams).GetParams
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/logic/params/params.go:36
   3).  github.com/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/controller.(*cParams).GetOne
        /root/workspace/khaos/eros/app/khaos-oss/internal/controller/params.go:21
2. rpc error: code = NotFound desc = cluster.khaos.tencent.com "tdxxxx-a2c378bd" not found

NewWithOption 自定义的错误创建​

fmt 格式化​

日志组件支持​

堆栈打印模式​

`NewWithOption` 自定义的错误创建

`fmt` 格式化

日志组件支持

堆栈打印模式